Fluorescence
The need to screen large numbers of targets against extensive small molecule libraries has led to the demand for an increase in both the sensitivity and speed of assays. One of the most sensitive techniques available today is the use of fluorescence. Fluorescence allows the researcher to access the unique sensitivity of light based systems and at the same time brings the possibilities of many additional techniques.
There are numerous sources of information in the literature on fluorescence; these include a number of books and book chapters on fluorescence (1-5) that include discussions of theory, instrumentation, practical considerations and applications. Several recent series and reviews have focused on state-of-the-art developments (6-16). The biannual Fundamental Reviews issue of Analytical Chemistry contains a review of molecular luminescence spectrometry that focuses on recent developments in theory, instrumentation and applications (17,18) Berlman has provided a compilation of fluorescence spectra that also includes values for quantum yields, excited state lifetimes, and other fundamental quantities (19).
Fluorescence Kits and Reagents
The fluorescence offering from Amersham Biosciences includes a range of versatile CyDye fluors, TRF reagents for both in vitro and in vivo applications.
CyDye fluors are available as both labeling reagents for flexibility and pre-labeled biomolecules such as antibodies.
References:-
1. G. G. Guilbault (ed.), Practical Fluorescence, Second Edition, Marcel Dekker, New York (1990), ISBN-0-8247-8350-6.
2. S. G. Schulman, Fluorescence and Phosphorescence Spectroscopy: Physicochemical Principles and Practice. Pergamon, London (1977).
3. D. Rendell, Fluorescence and Phosphorescence Spectroscopy, John Wiley & Sons (1987).
4. J. R. Lakowicz, Principles of Fluorescence Spectroscopy, 2Nd Edition, Plenum Press, New York (1999), ISBN-0-306-46093-9.
5. L. B. McGown, in Metals Handbook 9th Edition Volume 10: Materials Characterization, ASM Handbook Committee, American Society for Metals, Metals park, Ohio, pp. 72-81 (1966).
6. E. L. Wehry (ed.), Modern Fluorescence Spectroscopy, Plenum Press, New York Vols. 1 and 2 (1975), Vols. 3 and 4 (1981).
7. S. G. Schulman (ed.), Molecular Luminescence Spectroscopy: Methods and Applications Part 1, Wiley-Interscience, New York (1985).
8. D. Eastwood (ed.), New Directions in Molecular Luminescence, STP 822, ASTM, Philadelphia (1983).
9. L. J. Cline Love and D. Eastwood (eds.), Advances in Luminescence Spectroscopy, STP 863, ASTM, Philadelphia (1985).
10. D. Eastwood and L. J. Cline Love (eds.), Progress in Analytical Luminescence, STP 1009, ASTM, Philadelphia (1988).
11. J. R. Lakowicz (ed.), Topics in Fluorescence Spectroscopy, Plenum Press, New York, Vol. 1 (1991), Vols. 2 and 3 (1992)
12. W. R. G. Baeyens, D. De Keukeleire, and K. Korkidis (eds.), Luminescence Techniques in Chemical and Biochemical Analysis, Marcel Dekker, New York, (1991).
13. I. M. Warner and L. B. McGown (eds.), Advances in Multidimensional Luminescence, JAI Press, Greenwich, CT, Vol. 1 (1991), Vol. 2 (1993).
14. O. S. Wolfbeis (ed.), Fluorescence Spectroscopy: New Methods and Applications, Springer-Verlag, Berlin (1993).
15. T. G. Dewey (ed.), Biophysical and Biochemical Aspects of Fluorescence Spectroscopy, Plenum Press, New York (1991).
16. N. Ichinose, G. Schwedt, F. M. Schnepel and K. Adachi, Fluorometric Analysis in Biomedical Chemistry, Wiley-Interscience, New York (1991).
17. The most recent is: S. A. Soper, I. M. Warner and L. B. McGown , Anal. Chem., 70: 477R –494R (1998).
18. Pope, A. J., Haupts, U. M. and Morre, K. J. Drug Discovery Today, 4: 350-362 (1999)
19. I. B. Berlman, Handbook of Fluorescence Spectra of Aromatic Molecules, 2nd. Ed., Academic Press, New York (1971).
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